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Assistence to victims of crime
TOURKOVÁ, Jana
Committing a crime always means a big change in the lives of both the victim and the perpetrator. The psychological and social aspects of the victim of crime are affected. This bachelor thesis is focused on helping victims of crime. The main goal of this thesis was to find out what opportunities to help women - victims of social work crime in České Budějovice. This thesis is divided into two parts, a theoretical and a research part. The theoretical part deals with the definition of basic concepts, the rights of particularly vulnerable victims and the difference between them in comparison with the rights of the injured party are also listed. A substantial part of the work is devoted to legislation, which analyzes the constitutional order of the Czech Republic (CR) and international law. The empirical part was performed on the basis of a qualitative research strategy, then the data were categorized. The technique of questioning using a semi-structured interview, which consisted of 13 open-ended questions, was used to obtain data. A total of three informants from the area of assistance to victims of crime in České Budějovice were contacted, who subsequently formed a research group. The analysis and interpretation of the obtained data revealed that social work in České Budějovice offers a wide range of opportunities to help women as victims of crime. The informants mentioned the possibilities of women and also informed about changes in provision due to the pandemic. The results of the research can serve to raise awareness of society, as well as an information source for workers in organizations helping women as victims of crime.
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Foreinger-Immigrant in the Bible and today: the study of relevant biblical concepts and their contextualization
ŠMÍD, Aleš
The thesis deals with the importance of the foreigner-immigrant and his position in the Bible and today. With the use of the Bible, standard dictionaries and biblical commentaries the goal is to explore the Old and New Testament texts and with the help of exegeses of the secondary authors identify, analyze and critically evaluate impacts of those relevant biblical texts related to the topic of illegal immigration that are a part of immigration discussions today. The aim of the theoretical part was to get acquainted with the appropriate domestic and foreign literature which from the Christian point of view deals with the problematics of the migration and illegal immigration in particular. The practical part consisted in a mutual comparison of various exegeses of relevant biblical texts, highlighting possible similarities and differences resulting from the exegeses and pointing out benefits for the immigration discussion today.
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The Right and the Left
Toman, Jonáš ; Kysela, Jan (advisor) ; Chmel, Jan (referee)
1 Right and left Abstract This work is standing on two main pillars, consisting of two parts. The first part describes the left right spectrum, showing possible alternatives, examining whether there is superiority to this concept of classification of the political spectrum and where does it lie. The second part is a look into the history of the left right dualism, its origin and changes through time from its beginning up to the year of 1989, showing the changeability of political conflict, mainly through time but also through space. First part focuses on left right dualism itself, explaining how we understand it, mentioning some competitive concepts and presenting chosen ones. The outcome of this part is an attempt at synthesis of two to three concepts into a final scheme, that is not letting go of the left right division, while trying to include a level of predictive value. The historical second part begins with two critically influential revolutions, which shook the western world, but which ended with formation of democracies comparable to ones we see today. The work opens up the question of coincidence regarding the origin of the terminology of right and left. Showing that the terms were dictated by the seating of the representatives of certain political ideologies. The amount to which this mechanism was...
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Rights and responsibilities of patients and their application in nursing practice
Černá, Zuzana ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Jirkovský, Daniel (referee)
A man who finds himself in the role of the patient does not lose his rights, but remains responsible for his actions. Most of the rules of cohabitation applies to patients as well as for everyone else, but lays out special privileges and obligations just for patients. These rules must be known to both patients and medical staff to be able to apply them in the context of nursing practice. The aim of the study was to explore the knowledge of rights and obligations in selected patients department Hospital Motol, which may affect their application in nursing practice. The research used a nonstandardized questionnaire in two versions, one for patients and one for health professionals (nurses). Professionals reported that patients rights know (76.7 %) or more know (20 %), only a small percentage of them (3.3 %) indicated that such rights are rather unknown. From the group of patients reported that they knew the law 42.9 %, other 28.6 % said they are more familiar, 17.1 % said that it is rather not known and 4 % do not know it at all. Although health workers from the observed group reported greater knowledge of patients' rights than patients themselves, for the application of those rights in nursing practice we consider important in both groups of participants knowledge of the nursing process, patient...
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Unfair commercial practices used by the Czech retailers
VÍTKOVÁ, Karolína
This bachelor thesis is focused on unfair commercial practices and consumer protection. First of all it explains basic concepts such as commerce, retail, wholesale, businessman or consumer and next it devotes to unfair commercial practices. It contains devision to a misleading and agressive commercial practices and their difference. This work also shows the institutions and various organizations that can be contacted by consumers in case of an unfair commercial practice. For the consumers it is very important to know their rights about a purchase. This work is based on Act No. 634/1992 Coll., Consumer Protection Act and Directive 2005/29/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning unfair business-to-consumer commercial practices, where all information concerning consumer rights and obligations of sellers can be found. The situation is detected by using questionnaire and a controlled in-depth interview with director of a control from the Czech Trade Inspection Authority. The purpose of the thesis is to evaluate these unfair commercial practices used by the Czech retailers. The aim is to determine the extent and potential impact on customers and how the Czech Trade Inspection Authority solves these situations.
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Gun Culture of Switzerland and the United Kingdom: Significance of Possession or Ban on Small Firearms for Democracy and Safety
Bock, Jan ; Weiss, Tomáš (advisor) ; Váška, Jan (referee)
On the example of two developed democratic states, the United Kingdom and Switzerland, gun culture phenomenon is being studied which means the relationship of society and state towards small firearms, expectations and fears of guns, meaning of the right to obtain, possess and bear guns in a modern democratic society, power and safety aspects of gun culture in both countries. A high explanatory power on gun culture is encompassed in a quantitative indicator of the ratio of injury numbers caused by firearms per capita to the total number of firearms per capita. Britain radically restricted the right to gun with the aim to increase safety, however with not fully convincing results. Switzerland by contrast made this right a key element of its defense strategy, but facilitation effect of easy access to arms has its negative impacts too. From the qualitative perspective, civilians' right to guns can be seen as indicator of state's trust in its citizens, an indicator of distribution of power between citizens and the state. The unanswered question is how to determine an optimal level of gun regulation while preserving one of the key rights of a free individual, the right to defend his/her legitimate interests.
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Translation Ethics
Šveřepová, Andrea ; Svoboda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Jettmarová, Zuzana (referee)
The topic of this thesis is translation ethics. The theoretical part provides definitions of key concepts in the field of normative ethics, as well as an overview of the existing research into ethics in translation studies. Three possible ways of approaching this topic are presented and the main themes of translation ethics identified. The thesis then describes the history of codes of ethics with special attention to problems regarding these written ethical norms. With focus on their content, the thesis provides a detailed description of translators' individual rights and obligations, as defined in various codes of ethics, which deem a translator's behaviour ethical or unethical. The thesis also explores how translators can be affected by the unethical decisions of other people. The end of the theoretical part focuses on translation ethics in connection with CAT tools and machine translation. The empirical part analyses data collected through questionnaire research, the aim of which was to study translators' behaviour in ethically challenging situations. First, research methods and individual parts of the questionnaire are described. The thesis then provides an analysis of respondents' answers with a special focus on the reasoning behind their decisions. The data is compared using other information...
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The Concept of the Lawful Freedom in Kant's Political Philosophy
Křížkovský, Matyáš ; Znoj, Milan (advisor) ; Bíba, Jan (referee)
Isaiah Berlin assigned Immanuel Kant to the theorists of positive concept of freedom tradition. This concept is according to him paradoxical, because it starts with the individual's desire to be his own master and ends at disciplination and coercion. The aim of the bachelor thesis "The Concept of the Lawful Freedom in Kant's Political Philosophy" is to explore the extent to which Kant fits to thus defined tradition of positive freedom and whether he isn't exceptional in some way. This thesis will interpret Kant's concept of freedom in broader context of his practical philosophy, focusing on the relationship between morality and law. KEY WORDS liberty, law, ethic, right, liberalism
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